time-to-completion) so that comparisons between workouts are possible. To objectively quantify HIFT workloads, the calculation must overcome differences in measurement standards used for each modality, be able to account for a component's placement within the workout and be useful regardless of how a workout is commonly scored (e.g., repetitions completed vs. Though traditional methods exist for quantifying the resistance training loads, gymnastic movements, and cardiorespiratory modalities (e.g., cycling running) that might appear in a typical HIFT workout, those methods are not uniform, and their meaning will vary based on a specific exercise's placement within a HIFT workout. Athletes may proactively monitor for negative training responses, but any observed response must be tied to a quantifiable workload before meaningful changes (to programming) are possible. Programming that fails to account for this variation or consider how targeted physiological systems interrelate may lead to overuse, maladaptation, or injury. However, because effort can vary within and across workouts, the impact on an athlete's physiology may also vary daily. The only consistent aspect appears to be the common instruction to maximize effort and workout density by either completing “as many repetitions as possible” within a time limit (e.g., AMRAP, Tabata) or a list of exercises as quickly as possible. Daily workouts are typically comprised of different modality and exercise combinations that are prescribed across a wide range of intensities and durations. g., CrossFit ®) workouts and targeted physiological trait(s) vary on any given training day, week, or cycle. The design of high-intensity functional training (HIFT e. Exercise Science and Sport Management, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, United States.
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